ROP, or Respiratory Distress Syndrome of the Newborn, is a common ailment in premature babies that affects their ability to breathe. There are several synonyms for this condition, including Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (NRDS), Hyaline Membrane Disease (HMD), and Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS). NRDS is most commonly used in medical literature, while HMD refers to the accumulation of hyaline material in the lungs of affected newborns. IRDS is a broad term used to describe any respiratory distress experienced by infants. All of these terms refer to the same condition and require prompt medical treatment to improve the infant's breathing ability.