The supraoptic nucleus is a small, densely packed cluster of neurons located in the hypothalamus. This region of the brain is responsible for regulating a wide range of physiological functions, including the release of hormones, the regulation of body temperature, and the control of appetite and thirst. Though the term "supraoptic nucleus" is the primary way of referring to this area of the brain, there are a number of synonyms that can be used as well. Some of the most common alternative names include the supraoptic region, the supraoptic area, and the supraoptic hypothalamus. These terms are all used to describe the same fundamental structure in the human brain.